| HIGH SCHOOL STANDARDS | COLLEGE STANDARDS |
| Teacher and texbook-centered | Student and source-centered |
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Your time is structured by others | You manage your own time |
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You will usually be told what to do | You take responsibility for what you do and don't do |
| You may study little outside class | You need to study at least 2 to 3 hours outside of class for each hour in class
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| Teachers approach you if you need assistance | Professors expect you to initiate contact if you need assistance
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| Teachers provide you with information you missed when you were absent | Professors expect you to get from classmates any notes from classes you missed |
| Knowledge is highly structured and linear | Professors may not follow the textbook |
| Teachers impart knowledge and facts to be repeated | Professors expect you to think about and synthesize seemingly unrelated topics |
| Makeup tests and assignments are often available
| Makeups are seldom an option; if they are, you need to request them |
| Teachers frequently conduct review sessions | Professors rarely offer review sessions |
| Mastery is the ability to reproduce what you were taught | Mastery is the ability to apply what you've learned to new situations or to solve new kinds of problems
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| "Effort counts" | Results count" |